Cinemachismo: Masculinities and Sexuality in Mexican FilmAfter the modern Mexican state came into being following the Revolution of 1910, hyper masculine machismo came to be a defining characteristic of "mexicanidad," or Mexican national identity. Virile men (pelados and charros), virtuous prostitutes as mother figures, and minstrel like gay men were held out as desired and or abject models not only in governmental rhetoric and propaganda, but also in literature and popular culture, particularly in the