Governing Through Crime: How the War on Crime Transformed American Democracy and Created a Culture of FearAcross America today gated communities sprawl out from urban centers, employers enforce mandatory drug testing, and schools screen students with metal detectors. Social problems ranging from welfare dependency to educational inequality have been reconceptualized as crimes, with an attendant focus on assigning fault and imposing consequences. Even before the recent terrorist attacks, non citizen residents had become subject to an increasingly harsh